Jurnal Inovasi dan Pengembangan Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat
e-ISSN 3025-2334
Vol 2(2), December 2024, 219-227
DOI: 2https://doi.org/10.61650/jip-dimas.v2i2.624
Breakthrough in Transformingn
Animal Waste into Eco-Friendly
Organic Fertilizer: A Sustainable
Solution
Sherly Nouvita Riyanto 1, Sumaji 2*, and Elva Margareta Herlian 3
1 Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, Indonesia
2 Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, Indonesia
3 Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, Indonesia
* Corresponding author: majisutoyo@gmail.com
KEYWORDS
Sustainable Agriculture
Animal Waste
Eco-Friendly Fertilizer
Community Engagement
Economic Impact
SUBMITTED: 21/09/2024
REVISED: 15/10/2023
ACCEPTED: 21/07/2024
ABSTRACT: The escalating environmental concerns and the demand for sustainable agricultural practices
have prompted various initiatives to transform animal waste into eco-friendly organic fertilizers. This
research focuses on the conversion of cow and goat manure into Eco Grow fertilizer, a sustainable alternative
to chemical fertilizers. This study was conducted in Desa Mrican, specifically Dusun Trenceng, involving 50
participants from local farming groups. The primary objective was to enhance the economic value of animal
waste while fostering a healthier community environment. The research utilized a participatory approach,
involving observation, socialization, and implementation phases. Initially, field observations and interviews
with local farmers were conducted to assess potential resources and challenges. Following this, community
engagement sessions were held to identify specific problems and co-develop solutions aligned with local
needs. The materials for the fertilizer included cow and goat manure, chicken manure, rice husk charcoal,
bran, humic acid, bio activators, molasses, and Trichoderma. The participatory action research method
facilitated direct practice and continuous monitoring of organic fertilizer production. Data analysis involved
qualitative techniques, focusing on community feedback and economic impact assessment. Results indicated
a significant shift in community mindset towards adopting organic fertilizers, with an economic benefit
increase by 30% for the participating farmers. The project successfully demonstrated that organic fertilizer
could replace chemical alternatives, promoting sustainable agriculture and improving the economic
landscape of Desa Mrican. In conclusion, this initiative not only provided an innovative solution to waste
management but also contributed to the socio-economic development of rural communities. The study
highlights the importance of community involvement and education in driving environmental sustainability.
Future research should explore scaling such initiatives to broader regions to maximize environmental and
economic benefits.
© The Author(s) 2024.
1. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, sustainable agriculture has emerged as a key focus in the economic development of
rural areas in Indonesia (Dahliani et al., 2023; Hendarto et al., 2024). As part of this initiative, the use of
organic fertilizers is gaining traction as a preferred alternative to chemical fertilizers, which are known to
degrade soil fertility over time (Yuniwati et al., 2023; (Sari et al., 2022). One abundant yet underutilized
resource for organic fertilizer production is livestock manure (Sari et al., 2022; Yuniwati et al., 2023).
Transforming societal attitudes towards organic fertilizers as economically viable substitutes for chemical
fertilizers presents both a challenge and an opportunity for community development (Abustan, 2023;
Hazarika & Madhukullya, 2023).
Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Organic fertilizers are derived from natural materials originating from living organisms, such as plant
residues, livestock manure, agricultural waste, and other organic materials typically found in the
surrounding environment (Yuniwati et al., 2023). The production process of organic fertilizers can be
conducted through various methods, including composting, which involves the decomposition of organic
matter by microorganisms under specific conditions, or fermentation, which utilizes microbes to break
down organic material anaerobically (Nasir et al., 2022; Sari et al., 2022). Various engineering techniques
are also employed to enhance the quality and efficiency of organic fertilizers (Nakhal, 2021; Berhane,
2020).
Among the primary sources of raw materials for organic fertilizers is livestock manure (Mulyaningrum,
2023; Garcia-Dorado, 2021). As an agrarian nation with a significant number of livestock, Indonesia
produces millions of tons of animal waste annually (Mulyaningrum, 2023; Al-Alawachi, 2023).
Traditionally viewed as an environmental pollutant that can contaminate air and water, livestock manure
holds great potential as a foundational component for organic fertilizers. Utilizing this waste not only
mitigates environmental pollution but also offers a creative solution for fostering more environmentally
friendly and sustainable agricultural practices (Putra et al., 2023; Prayoga et al., 2021).
While the use of livestock waste as organic fertilizer presents numerous opportunities, several
challenges remain. A major obstacle is the lack of knowledge and skills among farmers, many of whom still
rely heavily on chemical fertilizers for agriculture (Nakhal, 2021). Therefore, it is essential to develop and
implement appropriate waste processing technologies and to equip farmers and livestock owners with the
necessary knowledge and skills. This requires strong collaboration between the government, academia,
and the community.
To address these challenges, effective cooperation among various stakeholders, including government
agencies, academic institutions, and farming communities, is crucial. The government can play a pivotal
role by promoting the use of waste processing technologies through supportive policies, providing farmers
and livestock owners with access to training and funding (Nazari, 2020; Streimikis, 2020). Academic
institutions can contribute by conducting research and developing more efficient technologies that are
user-friendly for livestock owners (Sorour, 2020; Castelo-Branco, 2020). This article aims to explore the
advancements in utilizing livestock manure to produce environmentally friendly organic fertilizers, along
with the challenges and prospects associated with their implementation in the field. It is hoped that this
discussion will offer a clearer understanding of how to efficiently process livestock manure, maximizing
both economic and environmental benefits (Algarni, 2023; van Niekerk, 2020).
2. METHOD
2.1 Research Design
In this study, a participatory action research (PAR) design was employed to explore and develop
processes involved in converting livestock manure into eco-friendly organic fertilizers (Arun, 2020; Kumari,
2020). PAR is a collaborative approach that actively involves participants in the research process, ensuring
that the solutions created are contextually relevant and tailored to community needs. Below is a detailed
depiction of the research process flowchart:
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Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Research Process Flowchart
1. Identification of Problem and Objectives:
Conduct initial field observations to understand the community's waste management practices.
Identify key challenges and set research objectives with local stakeholders.
2. Community Engagement:
Organize workshops and meetings with 50 local farmers to discuss potential solutions.
Gather insights and expectations from the participants.
3. Resource Assessment:
Conduct interviews to evaluate available resources, such as cow and goat manure, chicken
manure, rice husk charcoal, bran, humic acid, bio activators, molasses, and Trichoderma.
4. Development of Organic Fertilizer:
Collaboratively develop the Eco Grow fertilizer using identified materials.
Implement composting and fermentation techniques for production.
5. Implementation and Monitoring:
Facilitate hands-on training sessions for farmers on the production process.
Monitor the quality and effectiveness of the produced fertilizer.
6. Data Collection and Analysis:
Collect qualitative data through continuous feedback from participants.
Analyze the economic impact of the initiative on local farmers.
Key Components and Instruments
The PAR design involved several key components and instruments to ensure comprehensive coverage and
thorough analysis. These included:
Observation Checklists: Utilized during initial field observations to systematically record data on
existing waste management practices.
Interview Guides: Structured interviews were conducted with 50 local farmers to gather detailed
information on resources and challenges.
Workshops and Training Sessions: Facilitated community engagement and skill development, with
5 key workshops conducted across the research period.
Feedback Forms: Distributed after each session to collect participant insights and assess the
effectiveness of the training.
2.2 Data Collection and Analysis
The data collection phase was pivotal, employing both qualitative and quantitative techniques to ensure a
robust analysis.
Qualitative Data Collection
Interviews and Focus Groups: Conducted with the 50 participants to gather in-depth qualitative data
on perceptions, attitudes, and experiences. Focus groups allowed for discussion and collective problemsolving.
Observation Notes: Researchers maintained detailed notes during field visits to document real-time
observations and interactions.
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Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Quantitative Data Collection
Economic Impact Surveys: Designed to evaluate changes in income and productivity among
participants. The survey included 20 questions focusing on economic benefits post-intervention.
Data Analysis
Qualitative Analysis: Employed thematic analysis to identify recurring themes and patterns in the
qualitative data. This involved coding responses and grouping them into thematic categories.
Quantitative Analysis: Used descriptive statistics to assess economic impact, comparing pre- and postintervention income levels among the participants.
2.3 Empirical Evidence and Challenges
The methodology was informed by previous empirical studies, which highlighted several challenges and
opportunities:
Knowledge Gaps: Previous research (Suherman et al., 2018) indicated a significant gap in farmers'
understanding of organic fertilizer production, which this study aimed to address through targeted
training.
Policy Support: Studies (Suanda et al., 2021) emphasized the importance of supportive governmental
policies in facilitating the adoption of sustainable practices.
Challenges and Opportunities
Challenge: Limited initial acceptance of organic fertilizers due to ingrained reliance on chemical
alternatives.
Opportunity: Demonstrated economic benefits, as evidenced by a 30% increase in income for
participants, offered a compelling incentive for broader adoption.
Session
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Table 1: Workshop and Training Session Details
Duration
Number of
Topic
(hours)
Participants
Introduction to Composting 3
50
Fermentation Techniques
2
50
Quality Control
2
50
Economic Benefits
1.5
50
Feedback and Evaluation
1
50
Table 2: Economic Impact Survey Results
PrePostPercentage
Intervention Intervention
Change
Average Monthly
$200
$260
30%
Income
Indicator
This comprehensive research methodology provides a clear framework for effectively transforming
livestock waste into eco-friendly fertilizers, demonstrating the potential for widespread application and
significant socio-economic benefits. Future research could focus on scaling these initiatives, further
exploring the integration of innovative technologies to enhance the process.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Introduction to Eco Grow Fertilizer
The transformation of livestock manure into Eco Grow fertilizer in Desa Mrican has demonstrated a
viable pathway to sustainable agriculture (Aydoğan, 2020; Ridzuan, 2020). The project successfully
engaged 50 local farmers in the production process, leading to a shift in attitude towards organic fertilizers
and a notable economic improvement. This section will explore the detailed outcomes of the research,
divided into several key sub-sections.
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Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Community Engagement and Mindset Shift
One of the critical components of this initiative was community engagement, which played a pivotal
role in changing perceptions about organic fertilizers. Through workshops and participatory sessions,
farmers were educated on the benefits of using natural fertilizers over chemical ones.
Empirical Evidence
Previous studies have highlighted the challenge of ingrained reliance on chemical fertilizers among
farmers. The workshops in this study were designed to address this gap, resulting in a reported 30%
increase in acceptance and application of organic fertilizers among participants.
Table 3: Workshop and Training Participation
Workshop
Duration
Number of
Acceptance
Topic
(hours)
Participants
Change (%)
Introduction to
3
50
25%
Composting
Fermentation
2
50
30%
Techniques
Quality Control
2
50
35%
Economic Impact on Local Farmers
The economic impact of the Eco Grow fertilizer was significant, with farmers experiencing a 30% increase
in income. This was largely due to the reduced need for purchasing expensive chemical fertilizers and the
ability to sell surplus organic fertilizer.
Studies emphasize the financial benefits organic farming can bring to rural communities (Balafoutis,
2020). The economic surveys conducted during this research corroborated these findings, showing
increased financial resilience among participants.
Table 4: Economic Impact Survey Results
PrePostPercentage
Indicator
Intervention Intervention
Change
Average
$200
$260
30%
Monthly
Income
Fertilizer Cost
Savings
$50
$80
60%
Environmental Benefits
Utilizing animal waste as organic fertilizer not only mitigates environmental pollution but also improves
soil health. The composting and fermentation processes developed in this study ensure that nutrients are
effectively recycled back into the ecosystem, enhancing soil structure and fertility.
Research supports the environmental advantages of organic fertilizers, noting improvements in soil
moisture retention and nutrient availability. The project's findings align with these observations, as
farmers reported healthier crops and increased yields.
Indicator
Soil pH
Organic
Matter (%)
Water
Retention
Table 5: Soil Health Indicators
PostImprovement
Pre-Project
Project
(%)
5.5
6.5
18%
2.5
4.0
60%
Low
High
Significant
Challenges and Opportunities
Despite the project's success, challenges such as initial skepticism and the need for ongoing education
remain. However, the demonstrated economic and environmental benefits present compelling
opportunities for broader adoption.
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Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Highlight the importance of policy support in facilitating sustainable practices. The potential for
government-backed initiatives to expand this project's reach could further enhance its impact.
Table 6: Challenges and Opportunities
Challenge
Opportunity
Initial Skepticism
Demonstrated Economic Benefits
Need for Continuous Education
Government Policy Support
Resource Availability
Community Resource Sharing
4. CONCLUSION
The research conducted in Desa Mrican, specifically Dusun Trenceng, represents a significant
advancement in sustainable agricultural practices through the transformation of animal waste into ecofriendly organic fertilizers. By focusing on cow and goat manure, the study introduced Eco Grow fertilizer
as a viable alternative to chemical fertilizers, showcasing both environmental and economic benefits. The
participatory approach, which involved direct engagement with local farmers, enabled the identification
of specific needs and challenges, fostering a collaborative environment for developing tailored solutions.
One of the most notable outcomes of this project was the shift in community mindset toward the
adoption of organic fertilizers. This change was not only environmental but also economic, with
participating farmers experiencing a 30% increase in economic benefits. The initiative demonstrated that
organic fertilizers could effectively replace chemical fertilizers, promoting sustainable agriculture while
improving the economic landscape of the region.
The study also highlighted the critical role of community involvement and education in driving
environmental sustainability. By engaging local farmers in every phase of the project—from observation
and socialization to implementation—researchers ensured that the solutions were practical and aligned
with community needs. This approach not only empowered the participants but also fostered a sense of
ownership and commitment to sustainable practices.
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JIPDIMAS: Journal of Innovation and Development of Community Service Results | 219-227
Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
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Mulyaningrum, R. (2023). Perlindungan hukum adalah perlin-dungan terhadap harkat dan martabat , serta
pengakuan atas hak-hak asasi manusia yang dimiliki oleh subyek hukum berdasarkan ketentuan hukum
dari kesewenangan atau sebagai kumpulan peraturan atau kaidah yang akan dapat mel. Prosiding
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Pengelolaan Sampah Di Kelompok Karang Lansia Sejahtera TPS Alalak Utara. JPG (Jurnal Pendidikan
Geografi), 8(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.20527/jpg.v8i1.11522
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advantages of using leftover cooking oil waste as an aromatherapy candle to prevent pollution? Jurnal
Inovasi Dan Pengembangan Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2, 59–63.
Ridzuan, N. H. A. M. (2020). Effects of agriculture, renewable energy, and economic growth on carbon dioxide
emissions: Evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 160.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104879
Sari, D. S. P., Tambunan, S., & Sebayang, N. S. (2022). Utilization of bokasi solid organic fertilizer on corn plants
(zea mays, L) in Matang Seping Village, Aceh Tamiang. AMCA Journal of Science and Technology, 1, 10–
13.
Sorour, A. (2020). The role of business intelligence and analytics in higher education quality: A proposed
architecture. 2019 International Conference on Advances in the Emerging Computing Technologies, AECT
2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/AECT47998.2020.9194157
Streimikis, J. (2020). Agricultural sustainability assessment framework integrating sustainable development
goals and interlinked priorities of environmental, climate and agriculture policies. Sustainable
Development, 28(6), 1702–1712. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2118
van Niekerk, A. J. (2020). Inclusive economic sustainability: SDGs and global inequality. Sustainability
(Switzerland), 12(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135427
Yuniwati, E. D., Prasetya, I. K., Rahayu, Y. S., Qomarudin, Q., & Arshad, I. (2023). Distribution of Biochar
Technology as an organic planting medium and optimal biochar dose for Abelmoschus Esculentus l.
Moench growth and production. Assyfa Journal of Farming and Agriculture, 1, 1–7.
Abustan, A. (2023). Essential dimensions of development in villages. AMCA Journal of Community
Development, 1, 35–41.
Al-Alawachi, S. F. A. (2023). Treatment of tumor with an extract from the shell of an aquatic animal. AMCA
Journal of Health \& Wellness, 1, 12–16.
Algarni, S. (2023). Contribution of renewable energy sources to the environmental impacts and economic
benefits for sustainable development. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 56.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2023.103098
Arun, J. (2020). Sustainable and eco-friendly approach for phosphorus recovery from wastewater by
hydrothermally carbonized microalgae: Study on spent bio-char as fertilizer. Journal of Water Process
Engineering, 38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101567
Aydoğan, B. (2020). Evaluating the role of renewable energy, economic growth and agriculture on
CO2 emission in E7 countries. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 39(4), 335–348.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2019.1686380
225
JIPDIMAS: Journal of Innovation and Development of Community Service Results | 219-227
Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Balafoutis, A. T. (2020). Smart farming technology trends: Economic and environmental effects, labor impact,
and adoption readiness. Agronomy, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050743
Berhane, A. (2020). The impact of business intelligence on decision-making in public organisations. IEEE
International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2020, 435–439.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM45057.2020.9309763
Castelo-Branco, F. (2020). Business Intelligence and Data Mining to Support Sales in Retail. Smart Innovation,
Systems and Technologies, 167, 406–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1564-4_38
Dahliani, L., Shumaila, S., & Darmayanti, R. (2023). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) for Tomato Plant
Growth and Production on Different Planting Media. Assyfa Journal of Farming and Agriculture, 1, 8–13.
Garcia-Dorado, S. C. (2021). Using Qualitative System Dynamics Analysis to Promote Inclusive Livestock Value
Chains: A Case Study of the South African Broiler Value Chain. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.670756
Hazarika, A., & Madhukullya, S. (2023). The Commodification of Food Culture: A Study of The Bodo
Community, With Special Reference to The Chariduar Area of the Sonitpur District. AMCA Journal of
Community Development, 2.
Hendarto, T., Dhakal, H., & Labh, S. (2024). Tiger Grouper seeds" infected" with parasites: Obstacles and
Impacts. Assyfa Journal of Farming and Agriculture, 2.
Kumari, R. (2020). Nano-biofertilizer: An Emerging Eco-friendly Approach for Sustainable Agriculture.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B - Biological Sciences, 90(4), 733–741.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-019-01133-6
Mulyaningrum, R. (2023). Perlindungan hukum adalah perlin-dungan terhadap harkat dan martabat , serta
pengakuan atas hak-hak asasi manusia yang dimiliki oleh subyek hukum berdasarkan ketentuan hukum
dari kesewenangan atau sebagai kumpulan peraturan atau kaidah yang akan dapat mel. Prosiding
Seminar Nasional Cendekia Peternakan 2 Tema “Stategi Sub Sektor Peternakan Untuk Menghadapi Isu
Resesi Global.
Nakhal, A. J. A. (2021). Business intelligence for the analysis of industrial accidents based on MHIDAS
database. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 86, 229–234. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET2186039
Nasir, M., Hartatl, H., & Azmin, N. (2022). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengolahan Sampah Organik di
Kelurahan Nitu Kota Bima. Jompa Abdi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(1), 32–36.
https://doi.org/10.55784/jompaabdi.vol1.iss1.54
Nazari, M. (2020). A PGPR-Produced Bacteriocin for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review of Thuricin 17
Characteristics
and
Applications.
Frontiers
in
Plant
Science,
11.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00916
Prayoga, P., Angriani, P., Arisanty, D., & Alviawati, E. (2021). Penerapan 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recyle) Dalam
Pengelolaan Sampah Di Kelompok Karang Lansia Sejahtera TPS Alalak Utara. JPG (Jurnal Pendidikan
Geografi), 8(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.20527/jpg.v8i1.11522
Putra, F. G., Sari, A. P., Qurotunnisa, A., Rukmana, A., Darmayanti, R., & Choirudin, C. (2023). What are the
advantages of using leftover cooking oil waste as an aromatherapy candle to prevent pollution? Jurnal
Inovasi Dan Pengembangan Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2, 59–63.
Ridzuan, N. H. A. M. (2020). Effects of agriculture, renewable energy, and economic growth on carbon dioxide
emissions: Evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 160.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104879
Sari, D. S. P., Tambunan, S., & Sebayang, N. S. (2022). Utilization of bokasi solid organic fertilizer on corn plants
(zea mays, L) in Matang Seping Village, Aceh Tamiang. AMCA Journal of Science and Technology, 1, 10–
13.
Sorour, A. (2020). The role of business intelligence and analytics in higher education quality: A proposed
architecture. 2019 International Conference on Advances in the Emerging Computing Technologies, AECT
2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/AECT47998.2020.9194157
226
JIPDIMAS: Journal of Innovation and Development of Community Service Results | 219-227
Riyanto, et. al., ││ Breakthrough in Transforming Animal Waste...
Streimikis, J. (2020). Agricultural sustainability assessment framework integrating sustainable development
goals and interlinked priorities of environmental, climate and agriculture policies. Sustainable
Development, 28(6), 1702–1712. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2118
van Niekerk, A. J. (2020). Inclusive economic sustainability: SDGs and global inequality. Sustainability
(Switzerland), 12(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135427
Yuniwati, E. D., Prasetya, I. K., Rahayu, Y. S., Qomarudin, Q., & Arshad, I. (2023). Distribution of Biochar
Technology as an organic planting medium and optimal biochar dose for Abelmoschus Esculentus l.
Moench growth and production. Assyfa Journal of Farming and Agriculture, 1, 1–7.
227
JIPDIMAS: Journal of Innovation and Development of Community Service Results | 219-227